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The varied language of reforms: from the crises of the 1970s to the transitions of the 1990s

By Marco Bresciani, Stefano Bottoni, Alfredo Sasso

Passato e Presente, 120 (2023), pp. 7-59
Web: https://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/articolo/74147
DOI: 10.3280/PASS2023-120002

This debate aims to investigate the political and economic transformations taking place between the crises of the 1970s and the transitions of the 1990s, by analysing the spectrum of concrete alternatives and the contingent, diverse choices too often identified and summarised through the catchword of “neoliberalism”. The three case studies focus on Italy, Hungary and Yugoslavia, with attention to the trajectories of three internal mediators like Vittorio Foa, Tibor Liska and Branko Horvat. They were aware of the decline of previous political cultures and economic models vis-à-vis the new challanges, but they tried to deeply revise the relationship between State and market and to point out a diverse language of reforms still linked to the refer¬ence to “socialism”, despite the crisis and breakdown of the Soviet block.